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摘要:本设计主要由三部分构成,即:整流滤波电路、辅助电源电路、DC-DC变换及保护电路。先将220V的输入电压经过隔离变压后得到15V的交流电压,再将15V的交流电通过整流滤波后得到的20-30V直流电作为输入电源。主控制电路以芯片TL494为核心,其中PWM控制信号由TL494产生, DC-DC变换器采用推挽式变换方式,输出的高频PWM波通过高频变压器变压输出,再将其通过整流滤波后既可输出稳压直流电。采用硬件反馈方式将直流电反馈到TL494的误差放大器,使其能够自动调节PWM波的占空比并稳定输出电压。设计出适合整个设计要求的主电路结构,并在此基础上设计出保护电路、驱动电路,使电源工作在一个稳定的系统。根据设计要求以及主电路的结构,对电路中各参数进行计算。最后对电路进行测试,并根据其结果进行改进。
关键词:开关电源;TL494;PWM;DC-DC变换器;稳压
ABSTRACT:The design is mainly made up of three parts, namely: rectified filter circuit, auxiliary power circuits, DC-DC converter and its protection circuit. After isolation transformer are 15V input voltage of 220V AC voltage, 15V AC rectifier filtering after the adoption of the resulting 20-30V DC input power supply. Main control circuit TL494 chip as the core, with PWM control signal generated by the TL494, DC-DC converter using push-pull converter, high frequency PWM waves output through the HF transformer transformer output, then through rectifier filtering it can output regulated DC power. Hardware feedback DC feedback to TL494 error amplifier, enabling it to automatically adjust the PWM duty cycle and stabilizing the output voltage of the wave. Design of main circuit structure for the entire design requirements, on the basis of design protection circuit, driving circuit, the power supply in a stable system. According to the design requirements and main circuit structure, to calculate the arguments in circuit. Last test on the circuit, and improve it according to its results.
Key words: Switching power supply; TL494; PWM;DC-DC converter; stabilivolt
电源是一切电子设备的心脏部分,其质量的好坏直接影响电子设备的可靠性。而开关电源更为如此,越来越受到人们的重视。目前的计算机设备和各种高效便携式电子产品发展趋于小型化,其功耗都比较大,要求与之配套的电池供电系统体积更小、重量更轻、效率更高,必须采用高效率的DC-DC开关稳压电源。在开关电源DC-DC变换器中,由于输入电压或输出端负载可能出现波动,应保持平均直流输出电压应能够控制在所要求的幅值偏差范围内,需要复杂的控制技术,于是各种 PWM控制结构的研究就成为研究的热点。在这样的前提下,设计开发开关电源DC-DC控制芯片,无论是从经济,还是科学研究上都是很有价值的。