更新时间：08-26 （英语老师）提供原创文章
Abstract：Jewish works have occupied a very important position in modern literature in the United States. In recent years, researchers at home and abroad have attached great importance to the studies of Jewish works. Accordingly, various studies on some themes of Jewish works have been evoked both in foreign countries and in China.
Bernard Malamud’s novel – The Fixer has been studied by scholars for many times. Previous researches focus on themes of assimilation, Jewish identity crisis, Jewish marriage crisis, racial prejudice, suffering and so on. Nevertheless, some of these studies are too concise, some are lack of arguments, some are not convincing. In one word, these studies can not provide a systematic analysis of themes.
In this study, the thesis selects the eternal Jewish theme – Suffering in Jewish literature, and takes it as a starting point to discuss and analyze suffering plots in Malamud’s novel. And then the thesis proves the theme of Suffering gradually by detailed analysis of Yakov’s suffering process. After experiencing a serious of suffering, the hero’s belief and moral spirit had reached a higher level. Thus it can be concluded what suffering brought to the hero were indomitable will, the awakening of the sense of responsibility, moral sublimation and sense of unselfishness.
Key words: Jewish theme; suffering; spirit value; moral sublimation
摘要：犹太作品在美国现代文学上一直占领着十分重要的地位。近年来，犹太作品受到了国内外学者的重视，而这在国内外也引发了一系列关于犹太作品主题方面的研究。
伯纳德.马拉穆德的小说《基辅怨》就曾经被许多学者研究过。以往的研究方向典型主题大多是同化、犹太身份危机、犹太婚姻危机、种族偏见以及犹太人受难等。然而，这些研究作品当中，有些研究犹太人受难的作品过于精简，有些篇幅简短导致论据不充足，不够系统地论证主题。
本文选取了犹太文学永恒的主题之一的“受难”，并以此为出发点，对马拉穆德小说中所表现出来的苦难进行具体的分析和阐述。本选题通过对主人公雅柯夫受难过程的细节剖析，循序渐进地证明他的受难主题。经过受难后，不论是在信仰上还是在道德上，都得到了升华，从而可以体现出受难带给主人公的是不屈不挠的意志，责任感的觉醒，道德的提升，无私意识的崛起等。
关键词：犹太主题；受难；精神价值；道德升华