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Abstract:The personification had been used in the novel the Call of the Wild by Jack London to depict the world in the eyes of the dog incisively and vividly and reflect the cold reality of capitalist society and the objective reality --survival of the fittest. He parables the dog into men，even himself. Buck desired and ran to the freedom, and this is the pursuit of the writer Jack London and also the reflection of his idea. This paper uses ecological criticism to show why Buck change eventually and return to the wildness, and find out the real causes that why Buck return to the wildness by using the survival of the fittest theory as well as attempt to analyze these causes and indicate people for some inspirations.
Key words: the Call of the Wild; Buck; the survival of the fittest; ecological criticism
中文摘要:在《野性的呼唤》这部小说中,杰克伦敦采用拟人的手法，把狗眼里的世界描绘得淋漓尽致,反映了资本主义社会冷酷的现实和“适者生存”的客观现实。他把狗比喻成了人,其实正是他自己，巴克渴望并奔向自由,这也是作家杰克伦敦对个人理想的追求。本文将运用生态批评的观点进一步说明巴克为什么改变并最终回归丛林的事实的真正原因。通过“适者生存”理论,分析这些因素并得出相应的启示。
关键词：野性的呼唤；巴克；适者生存；生态批评