更新时间:09-04 (Angela)提供原创文章
摘要:预期违约制度起源于英美法系,我国合同法引进了预期违约制度和大陆法系的不安抗辩权制度,导致存在法条和司法实践上的混乱。本文通过阐释预期违约制度的立法价值,将预期违约制度和不安抗辩权制度进行比较分析,进一步指出了以预期违约制度整合不安抗辩权制度在我国建立的必要性和可行性,并对我国合同法上预期违约制度的完善提出了若干建议。
关键词:预期违约;不安抗辩权;完善
Abstract:The system of Anticipatory Breach of Contract originated in Anglo-American law.Chinese Contract Law introduced the system of anticipatory breach and the system of Counterargument Right for Security of Continental law system,While this constitution results in the complex of rechtssatz and judicial practice.Base on the Anticipatory Breach system of the legislation value analysis,compared Anticipatory Breach system and Counterargument Right for Security system.Furthermore, pointed out that the necessity and feasibility to establish the system of Anticipatory Breach of Contract in China.At last,give some suggestions to perfect the Anticipatory Breach system of Chinese Contract Law.
Key words: Anticipatory Breach;Counterargument Right for Security;suggestions
预期违约,也称先期违约,是指在合同依法成立之后履行期届满之前,当事人一方明确、肯定地拒绝履行合同或以其自身行为或客观事实预示将不履行或不能履行合同的一种违约行为。预期违约制度是为了解决合同生效后至履行前发生在合同履行上的危险而建立的一项法律制度,是英美法系从判例中发展起来的特有制度。我国合同法引进了英美法系的预期违约制度,但对预期违约制度的构成要件,救济方式等规定都存在不足,使得预期违约制度很难发挥其独特的作用,因此完善我国的预期违约制度具有重要意义。