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摘要：长期以来，融资问题一直是制约我国中小企业进一步发展壮大的主要因素。目前中小企业主要的融资模式，如银行贷款、股权融资等等则因为种种原因的制约，对缓解中小企业的融资困境所发挥的作用较为有限，短期内难以有较大的突破。而信托业作为我国金融体系的支柱之一，在近几年得到了飞速发展，依靠其跨越了货币市场、资本市场及实业投资市场的优势，为中小企业的融资提供了一条很好的渠道。本论文对中小企业的融资情况进行了概述，分析了中小企业现有的主要融资模式及其缺陷，从而提出信托融资作为中小企业融资模式中的后起之秀很好的缓解了中小企业的融资困境。通过对信托融资的涵义、特点的介绍，指出信托融资契合了中小企业的资金需求特点。论文对中小企业信托融资模式的发展轨迹和运行现状进行了探讨，提出现行中小企业信托融资模式存在着“类贷”情况普遍，融资规模尚小等问题，并针对这些问题，从信托公司拓展创新、中小企业自身改善、政府引导促进及优化市场环境等方面提出了相应的解决策略，指出只有通过各方的共同努力才能促进中小企业信托融资模式的持续健康发展。
关键词：中小企业；信托；融资；困境
ABSTRACT：Financing problems have always been a main factor that restricts the further development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Small and medium-sized enterprises’ existing major financing ways, such as bank loans,equity fiancing and so on,have limited effection on alleviating the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises due to the restrition of a variety of reasons.And it’s hard to have large breakthrough in short time.Trust industry , one of the pillars of the financial system in China, has experienced rapid development in recent years and provides a good financing channel for small and medium-sized enterprises on advantage of its span of monetary market, capital market and industrial investment market. This paper will summarize the financing situation of small and medium-sized enterprises and analyze the existing major financing ways of small and medium-sized enterprises,putting forward that trust financing ,as a rising star of small and medium-sized enterprises’ financing ways plays a good role in solving the financing difficulties.Through the introduction of the connotation and characteristics of trust financing,the paper points out that trust financing fits the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises’ financing.The paper discusses the development process and present situation of small and medium-sized enterprises’ trust financing and points out the modes’s problems ,such as much similar with bank loans, limited financing sacle and so on.Focus on these problems,the paper gives some suggestion from the aspect of trust companies’ innovation , small and medium-sized enterprises’ improvement,government’s guidance and the optimization of market environment and points out that only through the joint efforts of all parties concerned can trust financing for small and medium-sized enterprises have sustained and healthy development.
Keywords: small and medium-sized enterprises；trust；financing；difficulty
一直以来，中小企业作为我国国民经济中不可或缺的重要组成部分，为我国的经济建设或社会和谐发展做出了重大贡献。然而，融资问题一直是制约着我国中小企业发展壮大，走向国际化的一个主要因素。虽然国家一直都重视对中小企业的扶持，但中小企业自身的种种问题以及良好的外部融资环境的缺失导致中小企业很难获得融资。银行贷款、直接融资及民间融资等融资方式因为自身的局限性难以满足中小企业独特的资金需求特点，而信托则以其独有的制度优势通过降低融资门槛、减少融资成本及缩短融资周期等为中小企业融资提供了一个良好的平台。进几年，中小企业信托融资进行的风生水起，一定程度上缓解了中小企业融资难的问题。但随着中小企业信托融资的发展，一些融资中的问题也逐渐暴露出来。只有通过企业自身、信托公司、政府部门以及市场的共同努力才能够进一步促进中小企业信托融资更好的健康发展，从而解决好中小企业融资难的问题，使得中小企业能够不断发展壮大。