更新时间:12-12 (大耳朵)提供原创文章
摘要:“拜伦式英雄”是19世纪浪漫主义诗人拜伦所创造出来的一系列的典型的人物形象,当我们重温经典,以我们现在的目光来看看这些“拜伦式英雄”的悲剧。他们热情,追求自由,但是他们大多数却性格孤僻,忧郁而又悲伤;他们歌颂同情人民的解放斗争,但是却又轻视群众,远离群众;他们出生于贵族,但是却有着一颗天生与贵族和专制为敌的心;他们热爱自由,追求自由,不断地为人类共同的自由而奋斗;但是他们本身的个体却是极端个人主义,脱离群众;他们与社会罪恶势不两立,与当时的社会制度格格不入;但是他们有傲世独立,行踪不定,好走极端。而其总是在徘徊不定,最终的结局往往带有浓重的悲剧色彩。
关键词 拜伦式英雄;双重性;叛逆性;浪漫性;悲剧性
Abstract:"Byronic hero" is a 19th-century Romantic poet Lord Byron created by a series of typical characters, when we revisit the classic, with our eyes now look at these "Byronic hero" of the tragedy. Their warm, the pursuit of freedom, but most of them did unsociable melancholy yet sad; their sympathy for the people's liberation struggle of praise, but yet despise the people, away from the masses; they were born to a noble, but it has a natural and noble and authoritarian enemy's heart; their love of freedom, the pursuit of freedom, continue to fight to free mankind; but it is their own individual extreme individualism, away from the masses; their irreconcilable with the social evil, incompatible with the prevailing social system; but they have Fate independent, elusive, good extremes. And its always linger, the final outcome is often with a strong tragic.
Keywords Byronic hero; duality; rebellion; romanticism; tragic
拜伦思想中最突出的特征就是崇尚自由,反对压迫,具有强烈的叛逆性。自由思想往往是一种力量,一种可以推动诗人不断创新努力创作,使创作富有血肉充满灵魂,在当时同欧洲的封建是社会制度,严重的社会压迫,传统的基督教教义的反抗和斗争中,自由极其富有凝聚力极其富有感召力,深深地影响着被压迫的人民,使其在以后的斗争中提供源源不断的动力,也是这种思想深深地影响这被压迫人民的历史和未来。在拜伦的诗歌中,拜伦常常流露出自己内心对当时社会制度的失望,以及其孤傲的个性。
“拜伦式英雄”往往总是想要以自身来阐释整个宇宙的奥秘,以自身来抵抗整个人类社会悲剧的处境,这从逻辑学上上来讲本身就是违背客观规律,是不可能存在的。现在的基督教对这种现象有一种解释:这是一种原罪—傲慢。拜伦当时的情绪表现就正如小说里面恰尔德哈罗德等形象所表现出来的悲观失望,失去生活的希望;而曼弗雷德宁死不愿向上帝妥协,最后只能是一个人孤独的死去,这也很大程度上反映了拜伦对他心中的理想社会的绝望,也表现出了拜伦式英雄的悲剧性。